Karl Marx and Adam Smith Essays - 1386 Words

Karl Marx and Adam Smith Karl Marx and Adam Smith wrote in the same time period – during the industrial revolution, where the bourgeois had risen to power by oppressing and exploiting the proletariat. The term bourgeois refers to the people in the class of modern capitalists, owners of the means of social production and employers of wage labor. The proletarians are the people in the class of modern wage laborers who, having no means of production of their own, are reduced to selling their labor power in order to live. While Smith, in his Wealth of Nations, wrote in favor of capitalism, Marx, in his Communist Manifesto, was a harsh critic of the system and declared its inevitable destruction and consequent rise of the working class.†¦show more content†¦In his Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith celebrated capitalist society. The central thesis of The Wealth of Nations is that capital is best employed for the production and distribution of wealth under conditions of no governmental interference, o r laissez-faire, and free trade. In Smiths view, the production and exchange of goods can be stimulated, and a consequent rise in the general standard of living attained, only through the efficient operations of private industrial and commercial entrepreneurs acting with a minimum of regulation and control by governments. To explain this concept of government maintaining a laissez-faire attitude toward commercial endeavors, Smith proclaimed the principle of the invisible hand: Every individual in pursuing his or her own good is led, as if by an invisible hand, to achieve the best good for all. Therefore any interference with free competition by government is almost certain to be injurious. The division of labor is another crucial component of capitalist society. According to Smith, division of labor benefits society in three ways: first, to the increase of dexterity in every particular workman; secondly, to the saving of the time which is commonly lost in passing from one species of work to another; and lastly, to the invention of a great number of machines which facilitate and abridge labour, and enable one man to do the work of many. (Smith, Wealth of Nations, p.6) ByShow MoreRelatedKarl Marx And Adam Smith Essay1639 Words   |  7 PagesPresence of the Theories of Karl Marx Adam Smith Within the Canadian Economy Written by: Jason Kothary, Zach Shafi, Sam Girma Kevin Sallaku Research: Ryan Salehi, Zack Izzeddin, David Moffett, Cameron Bernardo, Harrison Toms, Taha Mahmood, Anthony Alexiou, Jason Kothary, Zach Shafi, Sam Girma Kevin Sallaku Canada’s economy is one that exhibits a multitude of characteristics that adhere to the capitalist and socialist constructs of a mixed system. In order to clearly define and analyze theRead MoreAdam Smith And Karl Marx1055 Words   |  5 PagesDerek Ding Economy Ms. Walsh Period D Adam Smith and Karl Marx Adam Smith and Karl Marx are famous for their influential and prominent theories about economics. Two difference thoughts indeed are contributions that can change the world. In Adam Smith s â€Å"Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations†, he introduced an idea where producers work in ways they want and get paid by how much work they put in. In other words, they can set up prizes that they thinkRead MoreAdam Smith and Karl Marx1053 Words   |  4 PagesAdam Smith and Karl Marx both came from very different worlds, however they saw the world in similar ways. Both had thoughts derived from different views. Smith had a very capitalistic view on things, while Marx was socialist in many ways. They expressed their thoughts in ways that were surprisingly similar while other ideas were dissimilar. Ultimately socialism and capitalism can go hand in hand. One main idea that both works addressed was the productivity of work and the ability to accumulateRead MoreAd am Smith And Karl Marx1674 Words   |  7 PagesI. Adam Smith and Karl Marx Contemporary economics are best explained by comparing two foundational thinkers that have contributed to the better understanding of liberalism, one being its proponent Adam Smith and the other being its most significant critic, Karl Marx. Both thinkers are profoundly important in locating and investigating the roots of neoliberalism as well as exploring alternatives ways to challenge neoliberal economics in the face of its post-cold war expansion as the inevitable andRead MoreAdam Smith And Karl Marx973 Words   |  4 PagesAdam Smith and Karl Marx were two economic philosophers who each introduced revolutionary ideas concerning economic systems, and their effect upon social progress and prosperity. Smith proposed an economic system, known as capitalism, in which a laborer s wage is wholly relative to their contribution to increasing the means of production; productivity is capitalism s main objective, as it inevitably results in increased profit and revenue. Conversely, Marx prop osed an economic system, known asRead MoreAdam Smith And Karl Marx1924 Words   |  8 Pagesshould be achieved Latin America. Adam Smith and Karl Marx are examples of the main two views. Adam Smith, a Scottish Philosopher, was a critique of controlled markets and supported the idea that consumers should be able to engage in a free market in order to achieve overall self- profit. As a believer in capitalism, Smith also viewed private property and overall self- interest as positives. Implementing these ideas without the interference of the government, Smith believed, led to unlimited wealthRead MoreAdam Smith and Karl Marx Essay831 Words   |  4 PagesAdam Smith, the father of economics, published The Wealth of Nations in 1776. Although it made little impact in its time, it conceptualised the economy in a radical new way: in terms of individual agents, acting out of self-interest. From an individualist perspective, he argued that people produced goods in order to make money, and ma de money in order to purchase goods they valued most. The exchange takes place in a market, where prices are set according to costs and the demand for the good. ThisRead MoreAdam Smith and Karl Marx Essay2053 Words   |  9 PagesAdam Smith and Karl Marx Modern political economic theory and philosophy can be greatly attributed to the works of two men who seemingly held polar opposite views on the subject. Adam Smith, a Scottish philosopher, published his most well known work An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations in 1776 and is most often associated with the ideas and principles of the political economic system known as Capitalism. At the other end of the spectrum is Karl Marx; the German philosopherRead MoreKarl Marx, Adam Smith, And Andrew Carnegie1350 Words   |  6 Pages2015 Karl Marx, Adam Smith, and Andrew Carnegie The writings of Karl Marx, Adam Smith, and Andrew Carnegie all made significant impacts in society not only in their time, but continuing to this day. Marx shared is opinions on capitalism and his views of the progression of human society in his writing, The Communist Manifesto which he wrote with Friedrich Engles and published in 1848. Marx believed in the idea of a society with no capitalism and the abolition of the bourgeoisie. Adam Smith wroteRead More Adam Smith v. Karl Marx Essay2236 Words   |  9 PagesAdam Smith v. Karl Marx Being reared in the typical capitalist community in the United States, it is much easier for me to relate to the thoughts of Adam Smith. This is not to say that I do not agree with some of the precepts of pure Communism, but like the old adage says, Communism looks good on paper, but in practice, it is completely ineffective. Historically, this form of government does not tend to succeed because of many factors. Some of these include basic economic differences, individualism

Themes Of A Small, Good Thing Essay - 968 Words

Themes in ‘A Small, Good Thing’ Life consists of persistence and lethargy; patience and tragedy; felicity and suffering; experiences and failures; ups and downs; and accepting the good with the bad and the bad along with the good. These details create ‘slices of life’ moments in our lives. As we read Raymond Carver’s short stories, we see these beautiful moments come to pass. One of the short stories that presented this was ‘A Small, Good Thing’, where Carver demonstrates occurring themes of loneliness and helplessness, limitations of communication, and human connections to create multiple ‘slices of life’ moments. Loneliness/Helplessness The theme of loneliness and helplessness occurs often throughout ‘A Small, Good Thing’. Raymond introduces us to the baker, who lives a lonely life. There is no trace of other coworkers that work him and we do not have much of a background story of him. Whenever the baker is mentioned in the story, we get the impression that he is at the bakery 24/7. The baker says â€Å"What do you want at this hour. It’s midnight†¦I work day and night here, trying to make ends meet† (Carver 225). The baker may live a lonely life since he has no children and we do not see any signs of him having a partner. Throughout the story, the theme of helplessness is also present. Ann and Howard, the parents of Scotty in the story ‘A Small, Good Thing’, feel like they cannot help their son, Scotty and that the only people they can rely on are the Dr. Francis andShow MoreRelated Raymond Carvers A Small Good Thing Essay example842 Words   |  4 PagesRaymond Carvers A Small Good Thing Raymond Carvers A Small Good Thing, a short story that has to do with the lack of interaction and empathy between the baker, Ann and Howard, the finale where the baker is startled to find out about the childs death, asks for mercy and presents them warm cinnamon rolls telling them that Eating is a small, good thing in a time like this and they are comforted, reveals particular significance of the title in terms of the storys theme. Also, Raymond CarversRead MoreTheme Of Tableau And Incident By Countee Cullen776 Words   |  4 Pagesperiod that wrote about his view on this. In the poems â€Å"Tableau† and â€Å"Incident† by Countee Cullen are good examples of the emotions in racial interactions in the point of view of an African American kid. The theme in the poem  ¨Tableau† is everyone one is the same despite the race and the theme of  ¨Incident† is something so small can have a big impact. Figurative language helps develop the theme and tones through b oth poems to create racial interaction. There was a lot of figurative language usedRead MoreTrifles Essay1149 Words   |  5 PagesWomen have always been able to see things men cannot. They pay more attention to detail and see the small things that men overlook. That is exactly the case in the play â€Å"Trifles†, where women find the small details that men did not quite understand. The story takes place in a time where women were discriminated and always looked down on, they were beat, and forced to do things they did not want to do. When being discriminated over a long span of time people might snap and act without thinking. Read MoreThe Pearl Theme Essay1368 Words   |  6 PagesGood vs. evil, greed, social oppression, we see it all around us and more importantly it shows up in the books we read. The themes good vs. evil, greed, social oppression, they all show up the book The Pearl, by John Steinbeck to help you find general topics in the story and to show the reader the impact that the different themes have on the story. In The Pearl the many themes in the book help you see big and small impacts to characters and the world around them, the themes also help you convey theRead MoreA Sound Of Thunder Analysis1126 Words   |  5 Pagesdoing so he crushes a butterfly and changes what will become the present. Through this story Ray Bradbury is trying to convey the theme of all of your actions, even small ones, can grow and form into much greater consequences and outcomes. We shouldn’t be blind to the consequences of our actions. Even from the very time they stepped out of the machine we can see the theme is being shown, because of when Eckels proclaims that killing a mouse won’t do any harm and will not change the future. Mr. TravisRead MoreThe Play Julius Caesar Performed In The Theatre In The1362 Words   |  6 Pagesgeneral details of the performance. The theatre at which this play was performed was very small, which in a way made the audience feel even more a part of the act. The stage itself was simple, yet sophisticated in a way that it could be used for multiple settings. The hydraulic mini stage helped present very important things that needed to stand out which was a nice feature of the stage. The cast was very small with only 12 people playing over 20 different characters, which made for a little confusionRead MoreCompare And Contrast The Sound Of Thunder And Nethergrave709 Words   |  3 Pagesused. Due to their theme, conflict, and setting, the story â€Å"The Sound of Thunder† is a better novel than the narrative â€Å"Nethergrave†. The novel â€Å"Nethergrave† was an entirely different concept than â€Å"The Sound of Thunder†. The theme in â€Å"Nethergrave† is to not believe everything that you are told. An example of this theme in nether grave is â€Å"He told his online friends he was a high school junior. They thought he was a star athlete and a student-body officer and a lot of other things Jeremy was carefulRead MoreAnalysis : The Messenger By Markus Zusak1056 Words   |  5 Pagesthat deviate from the normal black and white archetype. Through the use of themes such as deceptive appearances, small things can be big and morality, Zusak effectively constructs Ed as a reluctant hero and shows that people don’t have to sport spandex and flashy capes to be known as heroes but instead can be someone who performs small kind acts. The central idea that anybody can be a hero is constructed through the theme of appearances can be deceiving. The reader is first introduced to the protagonistRead MoreCharlie and the Chocolate Factory Speech1569 Words   |  7 PagesCharlie Bucket who is a poor boy yet in the face of all the suffering he goes through he maintains the attitude of a good boy who puts others before himself. The book uses many narrative techniques such as setting, characterization, conflict and resolution and other techniques to present the themes of the book. I am Chris Atkins and I will be talking to you today about these themes and the how in the book they are shown using one or more of the techniques described above. (3mins)Charlie Bucket isRead MoreRoyal Australian Marines in the Play, Our Country is Good1332 Words   |  5 PagesOur Country is Good is set in the late 1700s in Australia. The play is about Royal Marines who were sent to colonize the country and the convicts sent there also to spend out their sentencing. The play focuses on how the group of convicts, along with Second Lieutenant Clark, put on a play for the King because he was suffering from an illness during that time. Second Lieutenant Clark decides to put on a play called the Recruiting Officer by George Farquhar, which was a very popular play in the time

Partnering In Healthcare Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Partnering In Healthcare Professional. Answer: A healthcare professional is an individual who has the responsibility to prevent, cure and also promote healthcare services in a systematic and sequential manner to patients, families or even communities. The thesis statement is that nursing profession according to Australian governance should provide patient centered care involving families and developing a proper partnership with all stakeholders along with healthcare team members to assure empowerment of the patients. It also states nurses to make patients active participants in their care. The care comprises of the teams to follow proper ethics, standards and communication among all stakeholders to maintain best quality care and ensure patient satisfaction and patient safety at the same time of going over their races, caste, creed and religion. The following assignment will show the importance of such a practice and will link with the incidences and experience of Mr. Taylor to develop a better understanding of the concept. Patient centered care is a form of practice of present day nurses where nurses adopt treatment ways which are not only meaningful but at the same time they are valuable to the individual patients. The nurses should provide care to the patient which would be respectful as well as responsive to the concerned patients preferences, values, and needs and also ensure that the patient is included in all the clinical decisions made for him (Ignatavicus Workman, 2015). The main principles of a person centered acre are respecting the patients preferences, providing her with physical as well as emotional support, providing him with information and education, involvement of family members and friends and many others. Patient and family centered care is an approach where a nurse should plan, deliver and evaluate healthcare by engaging in mutually beneficial partnerships with other healthcare members and patients and families. In this approach, families take an active part by participating in the care plan for the patient and also in decision making along with the professionals (Osborn et al., 2014). Maintaining dignity and respect of the family members of the patients, informing them about different information, sharing valuable data, encouraging their participation and collaboration are some of the important principles of the approach. Developing a care in partnership with patient, family and other healthcare members will help in fostering optimal health and wellness for the patient ensuring the best treatment and effective participation from all members ensuring a quality service and proper maintenance of patient safety and dignity (Rathert, Wyrich Boren et al., 2013). Mr. Taylor in his interview had revealed of his experiences when he had both experienced patient centered care during his iron infusion where the nurse stayed by his side and provided him both physical and mental support during the entire procedure making him comfortable and less anxious. Moreover, his healthcare team also had helped him to rightly educate him about his medication which had helped him understand the rationale behind using his medicines (Lusk Fater, 2013). These had helped him to maintain his self esteem and his including into the healthcare teams decisions had helped to maintain his dignity and autonomy. As he was properly educated about his disorders and management of the disorders, he was more confident about his own self. This confidence helped him leading a better quality life. However, she had also faced several issues in care. He had been rudely handled by the surgeon who stated his conditions as old rags. This humiliated him making him feel embarrassed (Auerb ach et al., 2013). Each and every professional healthcare team member should be courteous and soft spoken to the patients who are already in stress and distress rather invoking fear and hopelessness in the patients as this might result in negative aspects on the patients health. Form the patients experience, it is very clear that every nurses need to understand the patients situation and his agony and anxiety from his point of view before developing a care plan. She should never be impolite to the patient as these may lead to his emotional turmoil. Moreover, another incident he had stated that the doctor was using primitive methods in his fathers treatment and id amputation of his leg which was not necessary. A family centered care was not followed where the professional did not consult with the family members about the amputation which affected them making them depressed and develop a feeling of loss. These could have resulted in legal obligations if the case happened on this day u nder strict codes of nursing ethics and standards in Australia (Sidani Fox et al., 2014). Each and every healthcare professional should develop interventions which should not only be modern but are also evidence based ensuring that the least pain and suffering occurs in the patient. however unlike his father, he was lucky as his colonoscopy and endoscopy was done in the most modern methods by using a paper cam which gives the best diagnostic report with the least suffering and greater smoothness. Another positive part of the patient centered care which was followed by the professionals were that they educated the patient about how the entire procedure works so that he can understand what is going on within him and how he will be diagnosis (Bernabeo Holmes, 2013). These made him comfortable as well as helped to overcome any fear and anxiety regarding any intervention they took. The main barriers that affected Mr. Taylors experiences with healthcare is the inappropriate management system of the public hospitals where he had to face long waiting times. Mainly inappropriate communication was noticed in the scenario where he was getting anxious about his turn as he was suffering from immense pain due to his kidney stones. The second barrier was unprofessional behavior of the surgeon who was handling his skin tear. His rude comment made him feel embarrassed and hurt his emotions. His self esteem was hurt as the terms used by the professional should not have been used in a professional relationship with the patient and he was feeling humiliated. Such an unprofessional behavior made him develop negative feeling about healthcare (Mayo et al., 2014). The third barrier was found when the healthcare professional did not ask for suggestions or did not inform the family about the intervention of amputating his fathers leg with the family members made them feel anxious a nd at loss. The facilitator that was involved are providing a highly modern technology of using a paper scam which helped in getting the best results of the colonoscopy and endoscopy test without causing any form of suffering for the patient. Use of evidence based modern care is indeed a facilitator for him. Another facilitator as the therapeutic relationship that the nurse developed with him during his iron infusion which gave him a very positive experience and his sufferings lessened by few intensity as the nurse made sure that she stated by him throughout the entire procedure (Flag et al., 2015). The third facilitator was how his healthcare team educated him about his medication procedures making sure that he knows the rationale behind using his medication memorizes all the medications with the correct dose and ensured patient empowerment. Every organization should make sure that proper management of all the systems are done so that patients can experience less waiting times. Higher waiting times often compromise the patients condition making it worse. The organization should appoint management which would maintain correct communication among the stakeholders, maintain a proper healthcare staff patient ratio, skilled workers attending patients, rapid as well as smooth activities as well as others. Professionals should be made more skilled with proper allocation of resources and man power to reduce waiting times. The public hospital failed miserably in the aspect resulting in negative experience for the patient when he visited there for his kidney stone. The organization should also conduct training sessions for professional development of nurses making them aware of the ethics as well as helping them to be skilled (Constand et al., 2014). When nurses of the organization can develop therapeutic relationship in person ce ntered care, the patient will have a higher satisfaction and reputation of the organization will be enriched as happened in the case of Mr. Taylor during his iron infusion case. Moreover, it was also found that organizational management should establish monitoring bodies as well as complain cell where reports of unprofessionalism would be reported. Mr. Taylor had a negative experience with a surgeon who was handling his kin tear. Proper training should be given to such individuals about ethic of professionalism and how to maintain respect and dignity of the patients. Strict punishments should also be introduced and legal charges should be fixed so that similar incidences do not occur with other patients who come to the organization (Sidani Fox, 2014). The organization would allocate proper resources so that most modern method can be incorporated which will help in giving the best quality treatment. Paper cam assisted diagnostic procedures made the patient very happy as he had not t o suffer any pain of colonoscopy and endoscopy increasing patient satisfaction. Hence, organization should incorporate recent technologies to provide uninterrupted best quality care to patients. From the entire discussion, it is seen that every healthcare professional would follow patient centered approach, patient family care approach and a principle of effective partnership in care to assure the best quality service. With the various negative and positive experiences faced by the patient, it can be known that student nurses should develop themselves to maintain autonomy and dignity of the patient, be polite in conversations, try to reduce anxiety and agony in patient and give him a care which increases his satisfaction over healthcare. Nurse should try to see the patients issue form his point of view and give him both emotional and physical support at the same time including suggestion from family and making them a partner in healthcare. This will ensure best quality service to the patient. References: Auerbach, D. I., Chen, P. G., Friedberg, M. W., Reid, R., Lau, C., Buerhaus, P. I., Mehrotra, A. (2013). Nurse-managed health centers and patient-centered medical homes could mitigate expected primary care physician shortage.Health Affairs,32(11), 1933-1941. Bernabeo, E., Holmboe, E. S. (2013). Patients, providers, and systems need to acquire a specific set of competencies to achieve truly patient-centered care.Health Affairs,32(2), 250-258. Constand, M. K., MacDermid, J. C., Dal Bello-Haas, V., Law, M. (2014). Scoping review of patient-centered care approaches in healthcare.BMC health services research,14(1), 271. Flagg, A. J. (2015). The role of patient-centered care in nursing.Nursing Clinics,50(1), 75-86. Ignatavicius, D. D., Workman, M. L. (2015).Medical-Surgical Nursing-E-Book: Patient-Centered Collaborative Care. Elsevier Health Sciences. Lusk, J. M., Fater, K. (2013, April). A Concept Analysis of Patient?Centered Care. InNursing Forum(Vol. 48, No. 2, pp. 89-98). Mayo, R. M., Sherrill, W. W., Truong, K. D., Nichols, C. M. (2014). Preparing for patient-centered care: assessing nursing student knowledge, comfort, and cultural competence toward the Latino population.Journal of Nursing Education. Osborn, R., Moulds, D., Squires, D., Doty, M. M., Anderson, C. (2014). International survey of older adults finds shortcomings in access, coordination, and patient-centered care.Health Affairs,33(12), 2247-2255. Rathert, C., Wyrwich, M. D., Boren, S. A. (2013). Patient-centered care and outcomes: a systematic review of the literature.Medical Care Research and Review,70(4), 351-379. Sidani, S., Fox, M. (2014). Patient-centered care: clarification of its specific elements to facilitate interprofessional care.Journal of interprofessional care,28(2), 134-141.

World Stock Market Essay Example

World Stock Market Essay 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What has happened to the main World Stock Markets during this week? Give   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   brief reasons for the main stock market movements in the United States, UK,   Ã‚   Europe and Japan.The world of finance has a very strong tendency to fluctuate at slightest of the changes to major world currencies. The same behavior was observed in first week of March’07 beginning on 5th of the month. The market opened with strong yen and hence depreciated dollar, euro and other major currencies (Dennis, 2007). The US dollar showed a slump of 1.2 percent with one dollar yielding Y115.43. Euro also slumped to Y151.57 with yen gaining strength the global equity market. The stock markets all around the world showed a steep fall. Tokyo Nikkei225 fell to 16,642.25 and observed one of the biggest single-day losses for the current financial year and lost up to 3.3 percent.   Similar fall was observed in almost all major exchanges of Asia with Hong Kongâ₠¬â„¢s Hang Sang Index leading the chart. This exchange suffered one of the highest single day losses of the history with index losing almost 4 percent. Major   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   exchange of Singapore, Taiwan and India also observed a fall of 3.1percent, 3.7 percent and 3.7 percent respectively. European stocks responded in the same manner following the fall of Asian markets. The major mining corporations and banks were the biggest loser and London’s FTSE 100 lost around 1.2 percent and slide to 6,043.5.us market losses were a bit mild and Dow Jones Industrial average shed 0.2 percent and at the same time NASDAQ composite lost 0.8 percent (Dennis, 2007). So stock market in almost all major industrial as well developing nations saw a fall. The rise of Yen caused major loss of wealth of investors both retail as well as institutional investors losing a considerable amount of money.But the global financial market continued to show its erratic behavior and as a surprise for everyone, it calmed on the very next day. Though equities market gave varying results, the currency and bond markets got stabilized to a larger extent. The market surveyors had paused and very much unsure of how is it going to react now. The release of critical US employment data could be released on the very next day and the report will have its own effect on the performance of the markets comprising of equity as well as bonds and securities.On March 06, 2007, world equity market showed remarkable recovery and staged a rally with the end of yen’s rise (Shellock, 2007).The fastest among all were Asian stocks with Nikkei 225 in Tokyo ended 1.2 percent higher. This rise was mainly due to yen weakness and recovery observed in some sectors hence this gain was achieved after a five session losing streak. Other major markets which recorded a gain of 2 percent or more were Hong Kong, Seoul, Sydney, Mumbai and Shanghai European and us stocks also followed the same trend with new York’s NASDAQ composite saw a gain of 1.7 percent and the Dow Jones industrial average increased by 1.5 percent and Brazilian Bovespa index was 3.2 percent higher. In the end its was the end it’s was the recovery made by dollar and euro gains yen caused the improvement (Shellock, 2007).2.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Briefly discuss the main developments in the foreign exchange markets and the    interest rates. Include references to the performance of the sterling and levels of     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   interest rates at home and abroad. Discuss developments and forecasts.Changes in the interest rate of different during the week starting 5 marches’07   Ã‚   and ending on 10 March’07, made by different national central banks played on   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   important role in the foreign exchange markets. Market performances also    become a reason behind speculation of internet rate hike U.K. retail sector saw 5.6      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   percent growth causing 0.3% rise in sterling (Shellock, 2007). The sterling rise   Ã‚   kept forwarded another case to bank of England to raise U.K. interest hike.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Japanese’ yen’s rapid   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   rise caused the face in almost all major exchanges of the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   world. Japanese investor preferred to invest abroad for better return. With japans   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   interest rate at just 0.5 percent, investors’ interest in overseas market got a   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   overshoot. But the very next day, yen’s lost its momentum and the market   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   showed some recovery, with   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   European shared showing better performance. at the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   end of last session on march   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   07 , the previous forecast of bank of England raising   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   its benchmark rate become untrue and rate of interest remained at 5.25%.but   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   European central bank as suggested in a new forecast, was expected to raise   Ã‚   its benchmark interest rate by 25bp taking the rate to 3.75% so, the market   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   trend suggests the lower risk appetite among investors and even a minor rise of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   25 bp by a national central banks keeps the investors within the country (Dennis,     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   2007).3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Look at the section that lists all new international bond issues each day (Company   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   and Markets Section). Discuss a few examples of major bond issues that were    launched this week. Highlight any special features of these bond issues.The week of March 5-9 2007, was abuzz with issue of a number of internationa l bond each day with total number expanding to 42. out of 42 international bonds   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   25 were issued in euro with republic of France issuing bonds of worth 4 billion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   euro with maturity in 2040.other major euro bonds were of the value 2 billion by   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Daimler Chrysler 1.2 billion each by ATT and Commerzbank and santanfer   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   insurance issued a bonds of the value 11.5 billion euros with maturity in march    2017. ATT also raised almost 600 pound sterling with maturity in march 2027.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   similarly Deutsche bank raised 22 billion yen on floating rate note with maturity   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   in march 2012and 38 billion yen again with maturity in march2012. Deutsche   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   bank also raised around 150 million Swiss France with maturity in October 2011.    US dollar international bond were issued by only two borrowers wi th JBIC being   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   the first and the value 750 million and maturity in march 2012 and Pusan Bank of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   South Korea issued international bonds of value 200 million with maturity in   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   march 2017.4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Choose any article in the FT this week that relates to the role of the IMF or the   Ã‚   World Bank and provide a short explanation of the key aspects of the article.The financial Times on March 02,07 published an article â€Å"The Economy need to   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   damp demand and boost investment†   Ã‚  by Christopher condom giving details of a   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   robust performance of Romanian Economy .it joined the European Union and   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   double digit growth in wages with rapidly increasing purchasing power of    common Romanian Public fueling massive growth in dema nd. the later pact of the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   article took a condition note of the above cautious   note of the above mentioned growth with an IMF mission using Romania’s Central Bank and government to   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   make some change in Monitory and fiscal policy of the nation so that rising   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   demands caused (Condon, 2007).The article has talked massive foreign direct investment and remittance from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Romanians settled abroad thereby strengthening the Romanian currency against   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   the Euro and making the Import a cheap proposition. Romanian investment sector   Ã‚  Ã‚   is abuzz with several investors namely Ikeas, a Swedish furniture retailer, Selgros   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   and Tengelman of France. The year 2006 saw an influx of almost 9bn euro in   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   form of foreign direct investment and out of these almost 15 percent went to retail      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   and other trading operations. The new picture depicts the economy as more of   Ã‚  Ã‚   shop oriented and the country is more like a shopping hub instead of a technology   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   and manufacturing and service oriented. The approach economists have suggested   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   actually concentrates on heavy investment in manufacturing sector with the use of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   new technology. The focus should be more on new age factories with proper    impetus being given on service sector and employment generating options like   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   BPOs and call centers. The country should be viewed more as an export hub   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   rather than a centre for market places. The productivity gains need to be kept in   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   the same zone where the current state of wages are while harassing the benefits of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   cheap but pro ductive labor. The investment in that form is arriving like the one   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   from Microsoft. The newly created customer support facility is expected to   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   provide employment to more than 100 people. This sort of investment will   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   actually create a new class of work force who are not only technically sound but also fit   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   enough to work in an environment best suited for the current information   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   based economy (Condon, 2007)..  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   But the higher demand had been referred as a matter of concern and has a   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   capability to widen the current account and will provide the declination of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   inflation an opposite thrust. IMF also approved the government is plan of higher   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   public sector wage and re iterated the government to reduce demand and boost the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   new status of investment (Condon, 2007)..5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Look at the developments and news in the transport sector and prepare an   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   informative and concise briefing for the manager including a reflective analysis.Financial Times published a number of articles related to transport sector in the    week March 05 -09’ 2007. An article published March 05 talked about David   Ã‚   Miliband’s call for Emission reduction in the transport sector. He suggested the   Ã‚  Ã‚   inclusion of Road Rail Transport in European Union’s Emission Trading   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Scheme after 2012. Being the environment Secretary, he cited Sweden as an   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   example that UK should follow (Hall, 2007).The Geneva Motor show was abuzz with emission issue. a report by John Reed    gave a detailed information of different concepts car based on Bio Ethanol Fuel.    Several prominent Vehicles manufactures displayed their Hybrid Concepts   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sports car. Honda, Toyota BMW are some of the reputed names working in   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   this directions, Green commercial vehicles were also given complete coverage   Ã‚   with ENOVA System leading the chart (Reed, 2007).Another report published on March 06 talked of the processes involving    liberalization of Trans Atlantic Aviation. The talks for the same was making   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   round for the last four Years. And now after getting positive responses from Both   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   British Airways Virgin Atlantic, US negotiator John   Byerly called this treaty   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   as a Cash generating Machine for the above mentioned   carriers   the deal is now   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   waiting for the approval by European Union Transport Ministers (FT., 2007 ).Under world news section, financial Times published a report aim aviation sector   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   woes in Indonesia. On March 10 2007, reported by John Aglionby, the article   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   talked about divided Expert opinions on safety factor in aviation sector in   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Indonesian Domestic region. In an exclusive interview to financial times   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Indonesia Transport Minister Hatta Rajassa showed his concern in the rising   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   number of accidents among Indonesian domestic flights .the article also    mentioned about the experts who are lamenting on faulty safety norms by   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Domestic carriers (Aglionby, 2007).A report published on March 10, 2007 mention of the rising sales of new cars in Iran. The country is normally in news for its verbal conflicts with US on issues   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   relat ed to U.S. policies on Iraq and the rising nuclear capability of Iran. The report has talked of the competition between the two international car manufacturers in   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Iran’s domestic car market. The French carmaker the Renault started the pre-salesof Tondar-90 which is actually a locally manufactured version of an older model   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   of Renault’s Romanian subsidiary production named Logan. The Iranian car   Ã‚  Ã‚   market is normally dominated by Iran’s top two car-makes namely Khodro and    Saipa with a market share of almost 60 percent. Renault is very much eager to   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   lead the Iranian car market and is very much depending on low fuel price in Iran   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   as a reason for growing sales of cars. The company is investing a good amount of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   money in developing facilities for developing cars and other vehicles for sale in local market (Bozorgmehr, 2007).ReferencesAglionby, J (2007, March 10). WORLD NEWS: Experts divided on aviation sector woes   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   in Indonesia [online] Available from: http://ft.comBozorgmehr, N. (2007, March 10) WORLD NEWS: Sales of new Iranian car soar, sight unseen[online] Available from: http://ft.comCondon, C. (2007, March 02). THE ECONOMY: Need to damp demand and boost   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   investment [online] Available from: http://ft.comDennis, N. (2007, March 05). Global equities slide as yen extends gains[online] Available from: http://ft.comFT. (2007, March 06). The Heathrow cash machine is coming up for grabs[online] Available from: http://ft.comShellock, D. (2007, March 07). FT MARKETS: Tentative rally marks the end ofyens rise [online] Available from: http://ft.comTurner, D. (2007, March 07). Tokyo stocks fall on concerns over US[online] Available from: http://ft.comHall, B. (2007, March 05). NATIONAL NEWS: Miliband ca lls for a post-oil erainvestment [online] Available from: http://ft.comReed, J. (2007, March 06). FT REPORT MOTOR INDUSTRY: Fleets may usher in sea-  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   change [online] Available from: http://ft.com World Stock Market Essay Example World Stock Market Essay 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What has happened to the main World Stock Markets during this week? Give   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   brief reasons for the main stock market movements in the United States, UK,   Ã‚   Europe and Japan.The world of finance has a very strong tendency to fluctuate at slightest of the changes to major world currencies. The same behavior was observed in first week of March’07 beginning on 5th of the month. The market opened with strong yen and hence depreciated dollar, euro and other major currencies (Dennis, 2007). The US dollar showed a slump of 1.2 percent with one dollar yielding Y115.43. Euro also slumped to Y151.57 with yen gaining strength the global equity market. The stock markets all around the world showed a steep fall. Tokyo Nikkei225 fell to 16,642.25 and observed one of the biggest single-day losses for the current financial year and lost up to 3.3 percent.   Similar fall was observed in almost all major exchanges of Asia with Hong Kongâ₠¬â„¢s Hang Sang Index leading the chart. This exchange suffered one of the highest single day losses of the history with index losing almost 4 percent. Major   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   exchange of Singapore, Taiwan and India also observed a fall of 3.1percent, 3.7 percent and 3.7 percent respectively. European stocks responded in the same manner following the fall of Asian markets. The major mining corporations and banks were the biggest loser and London’s FTSE 100 lost around 1.2 percent and slide to 6,043.5.us market losses were a bit mild and Dow Jones Industrial average shed 0.2 percent and at the same time NASDAQ composite lost 0.8 percent (Dennis, 2007). So stock market in almost all major industrial as well developing nations saw a fall. The rise of Yen caused major loss of wealth of investors both retail as well as institutional investors losing a considerable amount of money.But the global financial market continued to show its erratic behavior and as a surprise for everyone, it calmed on the very next day. Though equities market gave varying results, the currency and bond markets got stabilized to a larger extent. The market surveyors had paused and very much unsure of how is it going to react now. The release of critical US employment data could be released on the very next day and the report will have its own effect on the performance of the markets comprising of equity as well as bonds and securities.On March 06, 2007, world equity market showed remarkable recovery and staged a rally with the end of yen’s rise (Shellock, 2007).The fastest among all were Asian stocks with Nikkei 225 in Tokyo ended 1.2 percent higher. This rise was mainly due to yen weakness and recovery observed in some sectors hence this gain was achieved after a five session losing streak. Other major markets which recorded a gain of 2 percent or more were Hong Kong, Seoul, Sydney, Mumbai and Shanghai European and us stocks also followed the same trend with new York’s NASDAQ composite saw a gain of 1.7 percent and the Dow Jones industrial average increased by 1.5 percent and Brazilian Bovespa index was 3.2 percent higher. In the end its was the end it’s was the recovery made by dollar and euro gains yen caused the improvement (Shellock, 2007).2.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Briefly discuss the main developments in the foreign exchange markets and the    interest rates. Include references to the performance of the sterling and levels of     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   interest rates at home and abroad. Discuss developments and forecasts.Changes in the interest rate of different during the week starting 5 marches’07   Ã‚   and ending on 10 March’07, made by different national central banks played on   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   important role in the foreign exchange markets. Market performances also    become a reason behind speculation of internet rate hike U.K. retail sector saw 5.6      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   percent growth causing 0.3% rise in sterling (Shellock, 2007). The sterling rise   Ã‚   kept forwarded another case to bank of England to raise U.K. interest hike.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Japanese’ yen’s rapid   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   rise caused the face in almost all major exchanges of the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   world. Japanese investor preferred to invest abroad for better return. With japans   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   interest rate at just 0.5 percent, investors’ interest in overseas market got a   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   overshoot. But the very next day, yen’s lost its momentum and the market   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   showed some recovery, with   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   European shared showing better performance. at the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   end of last session on march   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   07 , the previous forecast of bank of England raising   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   its benchmark rate become untrue and rate of interest remained at 5.25%.but   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   European central bank as suggested in a new forecast, was expected to raise   Ã‚   its benchmark interest rate by 25bp taking the rate to 3.75% so, the market   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   trend suggests the lower risk appetite among investors and even a minor rise of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   25 bp by a national central banks keeps the investors within the country (Dennis,     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   2007).3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Look at the section that lists all new international bond issues each day (Company   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   and Markets Section). Discuss a few examples of major bond issues that were    launched this week. Highlight any special features of these bond issues.The week of March 5-9 2007, was abuzz with issue of a number of internationa l bond each day with total number expanding to 42. out of 42 international bonds   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   25 were issued in euro with republic of France issuing bonds of worth 4 billion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   euro with maturity in 2040.other major euro bonds were of the value 2 billion by   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Daimler Chrysler 1.2 billion each by ATT and Commerzbank and santanfer   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   insurance issued a bonds of the value 11.5 billion euros with maturity in march    2017. ATT also raised almost 600 pound sterling with maturity in march 2027.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   similarly Deutsche bank raised 22 billion yen on floating rate note with maturity   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   in march 2012and 38 billion yen again with maturity in march2012. Deutsche   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   bank also raised around 150 million Swiss France with maturity in October 2011.    US dollar international bond were issued by only two borrowers wi th JBIC being   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   the first and the value 750 million and maturity in march 2012 and Pusan Bank of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   South Korea issued international bonds of value 200 million with maturity in   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   march 2017.4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Choose any article in the FT this week that relates to the role of the IMF or the   Ã‚   World Bank and provide a short explanation of the key aspects of the article.The financial Times on March 02,07 published an article â€Å"The Economy need to   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   damp demand and boost investment†   Ã‚  by Christopher condom giving details of a   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   robust performance of Romanian Economy .it joined the European Union and   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   double digit growth in wages with rapidly increasing purchasing power of    common Romanian Public fueling massive growth in dema nd. the later pact of the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   article took a condition note of the above cautious   note of the above mentioned growth with an IMF mission using Romania’s Central Bank and government to   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   make some change in Monitory and fiscal policy of the nation so that rising   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   demands caused (Condon, 2007).The article has talked massive foreign direct investment and remittance from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Romanians settled abroad thereby strengthening the Romanian currency against   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   the Euro and making the Import a cheap proposition. Romanian investment sector   Ã‚  Ã‚   is abuzz with several investors namely Ikeas, a Swedish furniture retailer, Selgros   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   and Tengelman of France. The year 2006 saw an influx of almost 9bn euro in   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   form of foreign direct investment and out of these almost 15 percent went to retail      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   and other trading operations. The new picture depicts the economy as more of   Ã‚  Ã‚   shop oriented and the country is more like a shopping hub instead of a technology   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   and manufacturing and service oriented. The approach economists have suggested   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   actually concentrates on heavy investment in manufacturing sector with the use of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   new technology. The focus should be more on new age factories with proper    impetus being given on service sector and employment generating options like   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   BPOs and call centers. The country should be viewed more as an export hub   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   rather than a centre for market places. The productivity gains need to be kept in   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   the same zone where the current state of wages are while harassing the benefits of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   cheap but pro ductive labor. The investment in that form is arriving like the one   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   from Microsoft. The newly created customer support facility is expected to   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   provide employment to more than 100 people. This sort of investment will   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   actually create a new class of work force who are not only technically sound but also fit   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   enough to work in an environment best suited for the current information   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   based economy (Condon, 2007)..  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   But the higher demand had been referred as a matter of concern and has a   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   capability to widen the current account and will provide the declination of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   inflation an opposite thrust. IMF also approved the government is plan of higher   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   public sector wage and re iterated the government to reduce demand and boost the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   new status of investment (Condon, 2007)..5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Look at the developments and news in the transport sector and prepare an   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   informative and concise briefing for the manager including a reflective analysis.Financial Times published a number of articles related to transport sector in the    week March 05 -09’ 2007. An article published March 05 talked about David   Ã‚   Miliband’s call for Emission reduction in the transport sector. He suggested the   Ã‚  Ã‚   inclusion of Road Rail Transport in European Union’s Emission Trading   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Scheme after 2012. Being the environment Secretary, he cited Sweden as an   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   example that UK should follow (Hall, 2007).The Geneva Motor show was abuzz with emission issue. a report by John Reed    gave a detailed information of different concepts car based on Bio Ethanol Fuel.    Several prominent Vehicles manufactures displayed their Hybrid Concepts   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sports car. Honda, Toyota BMW are some of the reputed names working in   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   this directions, Green commercial vehicles were also given complete coverage   Ã‚   with ENOVA System leading the chart (Reed, 2007).Another report published on March 06 talked of the processes involving    liberalization of Trans Atlantic Aviation. The talks for the same was making   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   round for the last four Years. And now after getting positive responses from Both   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   British Airways Virgin Atlantic, US negotiator John   Byerly called this treaty   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   as a Cash generating Machine for the above mentioned   carriers   the deal is now   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   waiting for the approval by European Union Transport Ministers (FT., 2007 ).Under world news section, financial Times published a report aim aviation sector   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   woes in Indonesia. On March 10 2007, reported by John Aglionby, the article   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   talked about divided Expert opinions on safety factor in aviation sector in   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Indonesian Domestic region. In an exclusive interview to financial times   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Indonesia Transport Minister Hatta Rajassa showed his concern in the rising   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   number of accidents among Indonesian domestic flights .the article also    mentioned about the experts who are lamenting on faulty safety norms by   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Domestic carriers (Aglionby, 2007).A report published on March 10, 2007 mention of the rising sales of new cars in Iran. The country is normally in news for its verbal conflicts with US on issues   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   relat ed to U.S. policies on Iraq and the rising nuclear capability of Iran. The report has talked of the competition between the two international car manufacturers in   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Iran’s domestic car market. The French carmaker the Renault started the pre-salesof Tondar-90 which is actually a locally manufactured version of an older model   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   of Renault’s Romanian subsidiary production named Logan. The Iranian car   Ã‚  Ã‚   market is normally dominated by Iran’s top two car-makes namely Khodro and    Saipa with a market share of almost 60 percent. Renault is very much eager to   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   lead the Iranian car market and is very much depending on low fuel price in Iran   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   as a reason for growing sales of cars. The company is investing a good amount of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   money in developing facilities for developing cars and other vehicles for sale in local market (Bozorgmehr, 2007).ReferencesAglionby, J (2007, March 10). WORLD NEWS: Experts divided on aviation sector woes   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   in Indonesia [online] Available from: http://ft.comBozorgmehr, N. (2007, March 10) WORLD NEWS: Sales of new Iranian car soar, sight unseen[online] Available from: http://ft.comCondon, C. (2007, March 02). THE ECONOMY: Need to damp demand and boost   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   investment [online] Available from: http://ft.comDennis, N. (2007, March 05). Global equities slide as yen extends gains[online] Available from: http://ft.comFT. (2007, March 06). The Heathrow cash machine is coming up for grabs[online] Available from: http://ft.comShellock, D. (2007, March 07). FT MARKETS: Tentative rally marks the end ofyens rise [online] Available from: http://ft.comTurner, D. (2007, March 07). Tokyo stocks fall on concerns over US[online] Available from: http://ft.comHall, B. (2007, March 05). NATIONAL NEWS: Miliband ca lls for a post-oil erainvestment [online] Available from: http://ft.comReed, J. (2007, March 06). FT REPORT MOTOR INDUSTRY: Fleets may usher in sea-  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   change [online] Available from: http://ft.com